Modal
Design annotations are needed for specific instances shown below, but for the standard modal dialog component, Carbon already incorporates accessibility.
Accessibility testing statusFor every latest release, Carbon runs tests on all components to meet the accessibility requirements. These different statuses report the work that Carbon has done in the back end. These tests appear only when the components are stable.
For every latest release, Carbon runs tests on all components to meet the accessibility requirements. These different statuses report the work that Carbon has done in the back end. These tests appear only when the components are stable.
Latest version: ^1.51.0 | Framework: React (@carbon/react)
| Component | Accessibility test | Status | Link to source code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modal | Test(s) that ensure the initial render state of a component is accessible. | Passes all automated tests with no reported accessibility violations. | Github link |
| Tests that ensure additional states of the component are accessible. This could be interactive states of a component or its multiple variants. | Some tests are incomplete, in progress, invalid, or temporarily skipped. | ||
| Tests that ensure focus is properly managed, and all interactive functions of a component have a proper keyboard-accessible equivalent. | Passes all automated tests with no reported accessibility violations. | ||
| This manual testing ensures that the visual information on the screen is properly conveyed and read correctly by screen readers such as JAWS, VoiceOver, and NVDA. | A human has manually tested this component, e.g. screen reader testing. | ||
| Composed modal | Test(s) that ensure the initial render state of a component is accessible. | Passes all automated tests with no reported accessibility violations. | Github link |
| Tests that ensure additional states of the component are accessible. This could be interactive states of a component or its multiple variants. | Some tests are incomplete, in progress, invalid, or temporarily skipped. | ||
| Tests that ensure focus is properly managed, and all interactive functions of a component have a proper keyboard-accessible equivalent. | Passes all automated tests with no reported accessibility violations. | ||
| This manual testing ensures that the visual information on the screen is properly conveyed and read correctly by screen readers such as JAWS, VoiceOver, and NVDA. | A human has manually tested this component, e.g. screen reader testing. |
What Carbon provides
Carbon bakes keyboard operation into its components, improving the experience of blind users and others who operate via the keyboard. Carbon incorporates many other accessibility considerations, some of which are described below.
Keyboard interactions
Modal dialogs take focus on appearance, and the tab order is constrained to the
modal’s controls until the modal is closed by choosing one of the buttons with
Enter or Space, or is dismissed by pressing Esc.
Keyboard navigation is constrained to the dialog. Tab cycles through the components that take focus.
The dialog is resolved by the user pressing Esc or activating a button.
Focus handling
When the dialog appears, the first item that gets focus depends on the type of dialog. Passive dialogs only contain a close button (X), so that takes focus. For dialogs which prompt for confirmation or user decision, the primary button takes focus (regardless of number of buttons). For destructive interactions, the “cancel” button takes focus, not the red danger/delete button. The tab order should proceed left and down from whichever item has focus then wrap back to the close button (X).
The first item with focus varies depending on dialog type.
Design recommendations
Designate the input that takes focus in a transactional
The only time the starting focus would not be on a button is where a dialog contains input fields. For such transactional dialogs, designers should annotate that the first input field should receive focus. Note that text links are not considered a user input in this context.
Annotate the starting input that should take focus on a transactional dialog.
Do not give a link focus when a modal opens.
Development considerations
Keep these considerations in mind if you are modifying Carbon or creating a custom component.
- Carbon assigns the container a role of “dialog” and sets
aria-modalto"true". - The dialog is labelled via
aria-label, using the same string used for the modal’s title;aria-labelledbycould also be used to assign the title’s string. - See the modal pattern in the ARIA authoring practices for more considerations.